C++

 COMPLETE C++ COURSE

Getting Started with C++ :

Introduction to C++:Brief history and significance

This blog post will introduce you to C++, a programming language. You'll learn about its history and why it's important.

C++ is a powerful programming language that emerged in the 1980s as an extension of the C language. It was designed by Bjarne Stroustrup to enhance C with added functionality while maintaining its speed and simplicity.



                                                        Shortly recognized for its efficiency and versatility, C++ has applications in many fields, including software development and games. Over time, it has continued to develop new features and improvements, making it the main language of the programming world. C++ has influenced the development of other languages ​​and is still an important skill for programmers, giving them the opportunity to work on different types of and complex tasks.

Why C++ is important:

C++ is important because it is a general and powerful language that is used in many ways. It allows developers 



to create high-performance, high-performance software, including applications, games, and programs. With its many features and the ability to solve complex tasks, C++ gives users the opportunity to solve real-world problems and generate new solutions.


Writing your first C++ program: Hello world!

Writing your first C++ program is an exciting step in learning programming. The classic "Hello World!" program is a great starting point. 
                                                               
                                                         In simple terms, it involves telling the computer to display the words "Hello World!" on the screen. This simple program introduces you to the basic structure and syntax of C++. It may seem small, but it lays the foundation for more complex programs you'll write in the future.

FILE:TUT1.CPP

Printing Hello world!  :
#include<iostream>
int main()
{
    std::cout << "Hello World!" << std::endl;
    return 0;

}

Output:
Hello world!

Basic structure of a C++ Program:

#include<iostream>

  • #include<iostream> : This line contains the appropriate library called that provides
functionality for input and output operations.


int main()

  • int main() {...}: This is the main function that acts as the entry point of the program. All code
inside the curly braces {... } is wrapped in the main function.



    std::cout << "Hello World!" << std::endl;

  • std::cout << "Hello World!" << std::endl;: This line, "Hello World!" uses std::cout to print
its text to the console or screen.
The << operator is used to add text to the output. 'std::endl' is used
to insert a new line after printing.


  return 0;

  • return 0;: this line marks the end of the 'main' function and usually returns 0, which indicates
the completion of the program.


Understanding
basic syntax: Variables, data types, and Operators


Variables: In programming, variables
are like containers that hold data. They have names and can store different
types of information, such as numbers or text. You can assign values to
variables and change their values throughout the program.

 

Data types: Data types determine the
kind of information a variable can hold. Examples of data types include
integers (whole numbers), floating-point numbers (numbers with decimal points),
characters (individual letters or symbols), and strings (sequences of
characters). Each data type has specific characteristics and operations that
can be performed on them.
Let's understand with a code given below:

Variables and data types
int age = 25; // Variable 'age' of type integer to store whole numbers
float weight = 65.5; // Variable 'weight' of type float to store decimal numbers
char initial = 'J'; // Variable 'initial' of type char to store individual characters
std::string name = "John Doe"; // Variable 'name' of type string to store sequences of charactersVariables are declared and initialized with values of different data types (integers, floats, chars, strings).
Operators: Operators are symbols or
special keywords that allow you to perform operations on variables and values.
For example, arithmetic operators (+, -, *, /) are used for mathematical
calculations. There are also comparison operators (>, <, ==) to compare
values, logical operators (&&, ||, !) to perform logical operations,
and assignment operators (=) to assign values to variables.

  • Arithmetic operators (+, *) are used to perform calculations and assign the results to variables.
  • Comparison operators (>=, ==) are used to compare values and assign the results to boolean variables.
// Arithmetic operators
int sum = age + 5; // Addition operator to calculate the sum
float product = weight * 2; // Multiplication operator to calculate the product

// Comparison operators
bool isAdult = age >= 18; // Greater than or equal to operator to check if the person is an adult
bool isEqual = age == 25; // Equality operator to check if the age is equal to 25
















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